Varicose veins are a fairly common disease, especially among the women in whom the work of the veins of the lower limbs is interrupted.This is due to the fact that the venous valves suffer: these are a kind of shutter that regulates the inverse outflow of the blood from the legs.Normally, the valves should be closed and open depending on the blood flow.
With varicose veins, they almost do not close, due to which blood stagnation develops in the veins of the lower limbs.Of course, a large amount of blood accumulated in the veins leads to lengthening the walls, a decrease in elasticity and sometimes even damage.Consequently, with the progression of the process, characteristic manifestations on the skin are presented.
Initially, these are only vascular networks, stars, then tubercles of blue thread and crimson, the legs become swollen, the skin begins to detach themselves, they are worried constant pains in the lower ends.Therefore, it is very important to recognize the disease in the initial phase and start treatment in time.
The causes of the development of the disease
Varicosis can develop under the influence of many factors from the outside.Of course, it all depends on the lifestyle of a person.However, there are a series of predisposing risk factors that increase the probability of varicose veins.
These factors are a hereditary predisposition, an altered hormonal balance, the disease of the nervous system, the inactive lifestyle, the physical overload, the flat feet, the high -wheeled shoes.
Hereditary predisposition.Unfortunately, if close relatives suffered from this disease, then there is the probability that it will be transmitted to you, so often this is due to the hereditary weakness of the connective tissue or a defect in the veins valves.In this case, it is necessary to remember the prevention of varicose veins.
Hormonal imbalance.Constant fluctuations in terms of hormones are more inherent in women and, therefore, according to statistics, are more sensitive to varicose veins.Similar fluctuations are observed during the menstrual cycle, during pregnancy and during menopause.The use of hormonal drugs (for example contraceptives) also affects.Female hormones significantly influence the elasticity of the walls of the blood vessels.
Diseases of the nervous system, frequent stress, depressive conditions.It is known that it is the nervous system that regulates the venous tone.Therefore, any pathologies associated with it can affect the state of the veins;
Inflammatory processes in the pelvis.Often they bother the female floor.For them, the level of hormones can be significantly disturbed.
A sedentary lifestyle.Due to the long -term session on the computer, for example, the veins of the legs are crushed, the flow of blood is disturbed by them.Due to the stagnation of the blood, the vascular walls extend and thin.To date, even the "varicose veins of computer" are distinguished, so often they have found themselves.
Physical overload.Even excessive physical activity does not affect anything good on ships.Heavy lifting, constant walking increases the load on the feet and, consequently, on the veins.
Feet dishes.In one way or another, this is a deformation of the foot and also brings a certain effect on the ships of the lower limbs.
Constitution.People open and above all with high growth are very inclined to varicose veins in the future.
Wearing high heels is dangerous for women, since when you walk on high and not particularly comfortable heels, the load on the lower limbs improves enormously.
Clinical manifestations of varicose veins
The symptoms of the disease appear gradually, but progress constantly, especially in the absence of adequate treatment.It all starts with the appearance of small vascular networks and stars on the legs, the telangectasia so called.They do not cause very discomfort, but already with these events it is necessary to seek a doctor's consultation.
In the future, the swelling of the legs that appear after a prolonged walk and very often in the evening it begins to disturb.In the morning they go by themselves.This is the first sign that the function of the deep veins that return the blood to the heart is compromised.
Over time, patients begin to complain about convulsions in the legs, their numbness, in particular at night and in the morning.If the treatment has not been started in these phases, the venous nodules will appear on the skin, the veins will be visible, bluish or even closer to the crimson color, they will be painful for palpation.The skin in the lower limbs will begin to change gradually.It will become dense to the touch, dry, it will begin to detach and darken.When walking, serious muscles will be disturbed.
In the places of the venous nodes apparition, a strong itch will be felt.Involuntary contractions of the veal muscles at night can also occur.
Diagnosis and complications of varicose veins
The diagnosis of the disease is necessary as soon as possible.But it all depends on the patient to go to the hospital.
In the diagnosis, they are based on complaints, external manifestations on the legs, the patient's lifestyle, his bad habits, the body, the presence of varicose veins in parents, brothers, sisters.
To confirm the diagnosis, further instrumental examination methods are prescribed.
Such methods are:
- Ultrasound examination of the veins (ultrasound) - is also known as dopplerography of the veins of the lower limbs.It allows you to evaluate the structure of the veins, their basic capacity, speed and direction of blood flow, the presence of thrombotic formations, the expansion of the blood vessels, the presence of any tumors.
- Contrast, or phlebography venography: it is performed by introducing a question of contrast in ships.Its distribution shows the patency of the veins, the condition of the walls, the presence of volumetric formations in vascular gaps.
An ultrasound is considered more preferable, since it is a non -invasive research method.
In the absence of adequate treatment, varicose veins can turn into a series of complications.
These include:
- thromboflebitis - inflammation of expanded and deformed veins;
- bleeding due to the rupture of diluted vascular walls;
- A change in the retiological properties of the blood, which leads to the formation of blood clots, this, in turn, can lead to thromboembolia of the lung artery, myocardial infarction and stroke;
- Pigmentation of excessive skin.
Trophy ulcers: they may appear from the slightest wound or damage to the skin due to a constantly compromised blood flow.As a result, ulcers do not heal for a long time, they hurt terribly and smell in an unpleasant way.
All this significantly worsens the quality of life of patients and can even make them disabled.
Basic methods for the treatment of varicose veins
Unfortunately, varicose veins are a chronic disease and there are no methods to completely cure it.However, medicine has found funds to prevent at least the progression of the disease.
The treatment depends directly on the varicose veins stadium.If they are only initial events, then you can do without surgical interventions, that is, only conservative methods.
Drugs: this includes the tone of drugs (venotonic), anti -impoverished drugs to prevent blood clots, non -pounded anti -inflammatory drugs (painkillers), angioprotectors and all types of creams, ointments and gel for the skin of the legs.
Compression methods: provide the use of compression socks, imposing medications from elastic bandages to maintain the tone.
A pneumatic massage is a special massage that is performed using a pneumatic masseur.This is very effective, as it improves blood circulation, tissue nutrition and improves the tone of blood vessels.
Sclerotherapy is already an extreme method.It is performed without operational manipulations.For sclerosis, that is, by subsidizing the vase, a special substance is injected, which interrupts the blood flow in the vase, due to which it is atrophy over time, it does not work and disappears.However, several sclerotherapy sessions may be needed to achieve the desired effect.
Intravascular laser coagulation is already an invasive treatment method.At the same time, with the help of a laser, surgeons coagulate the damaged veins under local anesthesia.
Skirts are a slightly obsolete, but still effective method.Belongs to popular medicine.When applying the leeches, bite the skin and, when sucking, is released in the substance of the blood called Giirina.It dilutes blood and does not allow blood clots.
Diet - In the diet of patients suffering from varicose veins, there should be a large number of vegetables and fruit in any shape, seafood, legumes, walnuts, variety with low content of meat fats and dairy products -caseari.
Non -traditional treatment methods are administered by apple vinegar, soap and potatoes, lotions and soda bathrooms and the use of the Ginseng tincture.
The foundations of varicose prevention
Many people wonder if it is possible to finally take care of varicose veins?The answer is not.However, it is possible to observe some preventive measures in order to prevent the occurrence of the disease.
In particular, this is an active lifestyle, get rid of extra kilos, constant gymnastics for the lower limbs, the use of compression linen.
If the disease has already appeared, the use of hormonal contraceptives must be avoided (they contain female hormones that can aggravate the course of the disease).
In addition, it should be avoided:
- The use of shoes with heels, since this increases the load on the feet.
- Increase in body weight and, even more, obesity.
- The presence in the fat diet, acute, fried, smoked and salty.
- Heavy lifting.
- For a long time in a hot bath.
- Visiting a bathroom and sauna.
- Alcohol abuse, smoke.
- Cars -Medation without consulting a doctor.
In addition, those who must be in a sitting position or standing for a long time should take into account:
- During a long living room on the legs, it will not hurt climbing the socks and falling to the heels, moving to the foot and vigorously move your fingers to disperse the accumulated blood;
- With prolonged job in the office in front of the computer, you can periodically put the legs on the table, so that the blood flowed better from the legs;
- You can buy a special knife support on which it will be very convenient to make any gymnastics;
- It is very useful to periodically lift and lower your fingers, this tone of the calf muscles and activate the blood flow in the veins.
Make sure you get up every hour, go around for several minutes and make a small charge.